Government Interventions and Nigeria's Innovation Ecosystem: Analysis of Nigeria’s Global Innovation Index Standings

Abstract

Innovation is a critical driver of economic growth, competitiveness, and sustainable development. In Nigeria, government interventions play a central role in shaping the innovation ecosystem through policy frameworks, institutional support, and funding mechanisms. However, despite various initiatives, Nigeria continues to lag in global innovation performance despite various government interventions designed to enhance its innovation capacity. This study critically examines the impact of government policies on Nigeria’s innovation ecosystem, using the Global Innovation Index (GII) as a performance benchmark. By analyzing policy frameworks, institutional capacity, and innovation inputs and outputs, the research uncovers key limitations including underfunded research institutions, weak industry-academic linkages, and infrastructural deficits. Comparative insights from more innovative economies reveal critical gaps between policy intent and practical outcomes in Nigeria. The study further evaluates how these shortcomings contribute to Nigeria’s persistently low GII rankings. Through a combination of qualitative policy analysis and global benchmarking, the paper offers targeted policy recommendations to reposition Nigeria’s innovation strategy. The findings underscore the need for more coordinated, data-driven, and outcome-oriented government actions to foster a more competitive and sustainable innovation ecosystem in Nigeria.