Perceived research competence and demographic factors among postgraduate students in selected Nigerian public universities

Abstract

This study investigates perceived research competence among postgraduate students in selected Nigerian public universities, focusing on demographic factors. This study employed a descriptive survey research design. The population comprised 2,531 postgraduate students from the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB) and Olabisi Onabanjo University (OOU). A multi-stage sampling technique was used, beginning with the purposive selection of four colleges and faculties from each university. Proportionate stratified random sampling was then applied, and the Yamane (1973) formula determined a sample size of 337 students. Questionnaire was the instrument for data collection. Three hundred thirty-seven questionnaires were administered, with 331 successfully retrieved (98.2% response rate). Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics. Frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used for summarisation. All analyses were conducted at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings indicate a higher participation of males in the survey, aligning with previous research suggesting differing emphasis on research competence by gender. Overall, postgraduate students demonstrated strong skills in structuring research but require additional support in research design, data analysis, and result interpretation. Notably, the study reveals no significant gender differences in perceived research competence, contradicting earlier claims of gender influence. Recommendations include prioritizing methodological training through workshops, mentorship, and practical sessions to equip students with essential research skills. The study concludes that integrating research competence development at all postgraduate levels is crucial, particularly for early stage researchers in PGD and Master’s programs.