Bacteriological survey of Naira notes from vendors in Olorunda Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria.

Abstract

Background: Ensuring the microbiological safety of frozen chicken is crucial for public health, given its extensive consumption and the risk of harbouring harmful bacteria. The microbiological safety of frozen chicken is a significant public health concern due to its widespread consumption and potential to harbour pathogenic bacteria. Objective: This study investigated the bacteriological quality of frozen chicken sold in three markets in Ede, Osun State, Nigeria: Elerin, Rector, and Owode markets. Methodology: Samples were collected from three shops in each market and repeated three times to ensure accuracy. Bacteriological analysis included total coliform count, total viable count, and detection of specific pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Klebsiella spp. Results: Results revealed significant bacterial contamination across all markets, with Elerin Market showing the highest contamination levels. Total coliform counts ranged from 1.07 × 10⁴ to 2.30 × 10⁴ cfu/ml, while total viable counts ranged from 1.89 × 10⁵ to 4.18 × 10⁵ cfu/ml. Elerin Market detected E. coli and Pseudomonas spp. in 88.89% and 100% of samples, respectively, indicating widespread contamination. Conclusion/Recommendation: Rector's market exhibited lower contamination levels, suggesting better microbial control, while Owode's market showed moderate but variable contamination. These findings highlight the urgent need to improve hygiene practices and implement stringent safety measures in these markets to ensure the microbial quality of frozen chicken and protect public health.